Crtical Care and Shock Journal

Clinical profile and outcomes in adults with status epilepticus – A prospective observational study

, , , , , ,

Overview

Abstract

Objectives: Status epilepticus (SE) is a common life-threatening medical emergency, and its neurological outcome requires prompt recognition and management. The present study aimed to determine the clinical profile and outcome of patients with status epilepticus.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Setting: The study was conducted in intensive care units under Emergency Medicine, General Medicine, Neuro Medicine, and Neurosurgery Departments of a tertiary care centre from March 2018 to September 2019.

Patients and participants: Forty-six status epilepticus patients attending intensive care units under Emergency Medicine, General Medicine, Neuro Medicine, and Neurosurgery Departments of a tertiary care centre were included and followed for 45 days.

Measurements and results: Baseline data on demographics, comorbidities, duration of each episode, number of episodes, treatment, brain imaging findings (computed tomography [CT] and magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) and other comorbidities. The collected data was analyzed by analysis of variance (Anova) and independent t-test. P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Out of 45 subjects included in the final analysis, 34 (75.6%) survived, and 11 (24.4%) had died during hospitalization. Mean±standard deviation of age was 43.1±1.02. Thirteen (71.1%) had diabetes mellitus as comorbidity. Twenty-four (53.3%) of them had >15 mins of seizure, 22 (48.9%) were in between 5 to 12 of Glasgow coma scale score. Among the study population, the probable etiology was head trauma 5 patients (11%), viral meningoencephalitis 7 patients (15.6%), acute cardiovascular system 9 patients (24.4%), and alcohol withdraw 14 patients (8.9%). Majority of them (18 patients [40%]) required third-line treatment, 33 patients (73.3%) required in hospital ventilator assistance, and 19 patients (42.2%) developed refractory status epilepticus (RSE). The duration of hospital stay was found to be significant for third-line treatment (21.9 days), mechanical ventilation (21.30 days), and RSE (23.8 days) with a p-value of 0.001.

Conclusion: The duration of hospital stay was significantly associated with the findings on brain MRI, the requirement of in-hospital ventilatory support, the treatment given, and the presence of RSE.

Aiswarya M. Nair, Priyadarshini Varadaraj, Sivaprakash Varadan, Vaasanthi Rajendran, Viswanathan Pandurangan, K. Madhavan, Anurag P.

Archives

Current issue

October 2024, Volume 27 Number 5

Awarded Top 30 Critical Care Blog
Awarded Top 30 Critical Care Blog
Asean Citation Index
Asean Citation Index