Abstract
Background: Prolonged mechanical ventilation can increase mortality and morbidity rate. Study shows that positive fluid balance associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation, longer hospital length of stay, and higher mortality rate in acute lung injury. We conducted this study to show the association of fluid balance and duration of mechanical ventilation in the pediatric intensive care unit.
Methods: This was an analytic observational study in children one month to 18 years old who admitted to Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan during April-November 2019. Fluid balance was recorded during first 48 hours in PICU. Bivariate analysis was done to analyse association of fluid balance and length of mechanical ventilation with logistic regression analysis for the mortality.
Results: One hundred and seventy-one children were included in this study. Positive fluid balance was found in 102 children (59.6%) with length of mechanical ventilation mostly under seven days (64.3%). Chi-square test showed significant association between fluid balance and duration of mechanical ventilation (p<0.001). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that fluid balance had no significant association with mortality, but Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction-2 (PELOD-2) and Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 (PIM2) had significant association with OR 2.6 (1.6-4.4) and 1.05 (1.02-1.08), respectively. Multivariate model also indicated that PELOD-2>8.5 and PIM2>30% showed significant association with mortality (OR 2.6 [1.6-4.4] and OR 1.05 [1.02-1.08], respectively).
Conclusion: Fluid balance was associated with length of mechanical ventilation, but no effect on mortality. Multivariate model showed independent association of PELOD-2>8.5 and PIM2>30% with mortality.
Andriamuri P. Lubis, Aridamuriany D. Lubis
